Distinctive gladiator helmet found in the Flavian Amphitheataer (Colosseum) in Rome, Italy, 300-500 CE at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada
Distinctive gladiator helmet found in the Flavian Amphitheataer (Colosseum) in Rome, Italy, 300-500 CE at the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada. Spectators preferred to watch highly skilled, well matched gladiators with complementary fighting styles. These were the most costly to train and to hire. A general melee of several, lower-skilled gladiators was far less costly, but also less popular. Even among the ordinarii, ma tch winners might have to fight a new, well-rested opponent, either a tertiarius, "a third choice gladiator," by prearrangement, or a "substitute" gladiator (suppositicius) who fought at the whim of the editor of the games as an unadvertised, unexpected "extra". This yielded two combats for the cost of three gladiators, rather than four. Such contests were prolonged, and in some cases, more bloody. The emperor Caracalla chose to test a notably skilled and successful fighter named Bato against first one supposicitius, whom he bea...